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[00:00.300]In the past, one of the biggest disadvantages of machines has been their inability to work on a microscale.[00:07.000]For example, doctors did not have devices allowing them to go inside the human body to detect health problems, or to perform delicate surgery.[00:18.000]Repair crews did not have a way of identifying broken pipes located deep within a high-rise apartment building.[00:25.000]However, that's about to change.[00:27.000]Advances in computers and biophysics have started a micro miniature revolution that allows scientists to envision and in somes cases actually build microscopic machines.[00:41.000]These devises promise to dramatically change the way we live and work.[00:46.000]Micromachines already are making an impact.[00:49.000]At Case Western Reverse University in Cleveland, Ohio, research scientists have designed a 4-inch silicon chip that holds 700 tiny primitive motors.[01:02.000]At Lucas Nova Sensor in Fremont, California, scientists have perfected the world's first microscopic blood-pressure sensor.[01:11.000]Threaded through a person's blood vessels, the sensor can provide blood pressure readings at the valve of the heart itself.[01:18.000]Although simple versions of miniature devices have had an impact, advanced versions are still several years away.[01:26.000]Auto manufacturers, for example, are trying to use tiny devices that can sense when to release an airbag, and how to keep engines and brakes operating efficiently.[01:38.000]Some futurists envision nanotechnology also being used to explore the deep sea in small submarines, or even to launch finger-sized rockets packed with micro miniature instruments.[01:52.000]There is an explosion of new ideas and applications.[01:56.000]So when scientists now think about future machines doing large and complex tasks, they're thinking smaller than ever before.
